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Appendix
D
Understanding Drive Arrays
This chapter provides explanations of drive array concepts, data protection
methods including fault tolerance options, and data reliability features of the
Smart Array 431 Controller. Before you configure your Smart Array 431
Controller; review the following general information so that you will be
familiar with the terms and concepts required for configuration.
What is a Drive Array?
A drive array is simply a collection of hard disk drives or physical drives that
are grouped together to create an array of physical drives. An array is made up
of one or more subsets called logical drives (sometimes called logical
volumes) which are spread across all physical drives in the array. Operating
systems view logical drives as a single, contiguous storage space although it is
made up of parts of several physical drives.
The generic drive array illustrated in Figure D-1 consists of two logical drives
spread across three physical drives. Figures D-2 through D-4 illustrate other
drive array configurations.
- User Guide 1
- Part Number 146915-001 1
- Compaq Computer Corporation 1
- Contents 3
- Chapter 2 4
- Chapter 3 4
- Chapter 4 4
- Chapter 5 5
- Chapter 6 5
- Chapter 7 5
- Appendix A 6
- Appendix B 7
- Appendix C 7
- Appendix D 7
- Appendix E 7
- Appendix F 8
- Appendix G 8
- Appendix H 8
- About This Guide 9
- Symbols in Text 10
- Symbols on Equipment 11
- Getting Help 11
- Compaq Technical Support 12
- Compaq Website 12
- Compaq Authorized Reseller 12
- Features 13
- Smart Array 431 Controller 15
- Fault Tolerance 16
- Drive Movement 17
- Read-Cache Memory 17
- SCSI Support 17
- Array Configuration Utilities 18
- Features 1-7 19
- Installation Preparation 20
- Option Kit Contents 21
- Guidelines 22
- Installation 23
- Drive Considerations 24
- Changing the Fault Tolerance 25
- Moving Drives Offline 26
- Updating the Firmware 27
- ROMPaq Diskettes 28
- Running System ROMPaq 29
- Running Options ROMPaq 30
- Updating the Firmware 3-5 31
- Information 33
- Preparing the Server 34
- SCSI Port Utilization 35
- SCSI Termination 36
- SCSI IDs 36
- Non-Hot-Plug Drives 37
- External SCSI Connections 38
- External Cables 38
- Non-Offset VHDCI 39
- Offset VHDCI 39
- External Cabling Instructions 40
- Completing the Installation 41
- Chapter 43
- Materials Needed 44
- Creating Diskettes 44
- Starting the System 45
- Configuration Utility 45
- Configuring the Controller 46
- Functionality 48
- Restrictions 48
- Creating a Logical Drive 49
- Array Configuration Utility 50
- Before You Begin 51
- Windows NT 52
- Configuration Wizards 53
- Online Help 53
- Creating a New Array—Example 54
- Figure 6-7. Example Array A 57
- Capacity Expansion 60
- Capacity Extension 63
- Size Migration Procedure 66
- Size Migration -- Example 66
- Menu Bar 68
- Controller Selection Box 69
- More Information Button 70
- Drive View Buttons 70
- Controller Buttons 71
- Array Buttons 71
- Logical Drive Buttons 72
- Create Array Screen 73
- Create Logical Drive Screen 74
- Stripe Size 76
- Auto-configuration 77
- Custom Configuration 77
- Expand an Array 79
- Add or Configure Spare Drives 79
- Handling Disk Drive Failures 81
- Novell NetWare 84
- Additional Information 85
- Installation Procedure 85
- (CPQONLIN) 86
- Microsoft Windows NT 4.0 87
- Windows NT 4.0 89
- A:\setup 91
- SCO OpenServer 5 92
- Accessing the Information 93
- SCO UnixWare 2.1 or Later 94
- IBM OS/2 95
- Installation Procedures 96
- Controller Ordering 97
- Partitioning 98
- Command Line Switches 99
- BASEDEV=CPQARRAY.ADD /V 100
- BASEDEV=CPQARRAY.ADD /A:2 /I 100
- Updating the Compaq Insight 101
- Manager Agents 101
- Regulatory Compliance Notices 102
- Class A Equipment 103
- Class B Equipment 103
- Modifications 104
- European Union Notice 105
- Japanese Notice 105
- Electrostatic Discharge 106
- Grounding Methods 107
- Specifications 108
- Table C-2 109
- Understanding Drive Arrays 110
- Figure D-2 111
- Drive Arrays 113
- Logical Drives 113
- Drive Array Benefits 114
- Table D-1 115
- RAID Level Characteristics 115
- DATADATADATA 116
- P = Parity 116
- WAR2-053.AI, 9-3.EPS 116
- Drive Mirroring (RAID 1) 117
- No Fault tolerance (RAID 0) 118
- DATADATADATADATA 119
- Optimized Request Management 120
- Adding Storage Capacity 121
- Disk Drive Capacity Upgrades 124
- Data Reliability 125
- Drive Parameter Tracking 126
- Drive Failure Alert Features 126
- Interim Data Recovery 126
- Automatic Data Recovery 127
- Hot-Pluggable Drives 127
- Controller Duplexing 130
- POST Error Messages 141
- Questions and Answers 147
- Index 3 151
- Index 5 153
- Index 7 155
- Index 9 157
- Index 11 159
- Index 13 161
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